When performed correctly, air polishing does not damage enamel or restorations—but the outcome depends on the type of powder used and the operator’s technique.

Modern air polishing systems are designed to be safe and minimally abrasive. Here’s how it breaks down:

• Tooth enamel safety:
  Enamel is hardened to about 5 on the Mohs scale, while common air polishing powders like sodium bicarbonate (2.5), glycine (2), and erythritol (1) are much softer. This means they effectively remove stains and plaque without scratching or wearing down enamel, even with repeated use.
• Restorations (fillings, crowns, veneers, etc.):
  Low-abrasive powders such as glycine or erythritol are safe for most dental materials, including composite, ceramic, and titanium (implants). However, sodium bicarbonate, while excellent for heavy stains, can be too abrasive for delicate restorations or soft tissue if used improperly.
• Technique matters:
  Proper angulation, pressure, and distance are essential. When air polishing is performed by a trained dental professional, it’s both safe and highly effective.

✅ In summary:
Air polishing does not damage enamel or restorations when the correct powder and settings are used. Dentists and hygienists typically select the appropriate powder type for each patient to ensure thorough cleaning with maximum safety.